List of Maps
Abbreviations
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgements
Introduction
CHAPTER ONE
THE STRATEGIC GEOGRAPHY
OF THE LEVANT
Vulnerable Frontiers Strategic Pivot
Internal Fragmentation
Population Growth, Limited Resources, Compressed Space
PANORAMA:
FROM THE ROMANS TO THE OTTOMANS
CHAPTER TWO
ROME, ISLAM, AND BYZANTIUM
The Roman Levant
Umayyads and ‘Abbasids
The Byzantine-Fatimid Standoff
Seljuk Turkish Intervention
Conclusion
CHAPTER THREE
CRUSADERS, MAMLUKS, AND OTTOMANS
Crusaders and Muslims
Mamluk Supremacy
The Ottoman Levant
Conclusion
THE JEWS OF THE LEVANT FROM THE
ISLAMIC CONQUEST TO ZIONISM
CHAPTER FOUR
THE MODERN LEVANT
Overview, 1918—2002
Israel, the Palestinians, and the Arabs
The Arab Levant States
Turkey in the Levant:The New Byzantium?
EPILOGUE:
WHAT’S NEXT IN THE LEVANT?
Notes
Glossary
References
Index of Names
About the Author