When Rome was a small village and the Greek city-states held sway over minuscule territories, the Kushites ruled an empire stretching from central Sudan to the borders of Palestine. During the eighth and seventh centuries B.C.E., its rulers controlled Egypt as Pharaohs of the 25th Dynasty. Extensive remains of pyramids, settlements, and temples can still be seen, yet the early development and much of the later history of the kingdom is obscure.