Africa Antiqua
1. Arid Nurse of Lions
2. Carbuncles and Gold
3. Romans and Garamantes
Sahara and Sudan
4. The Tuareg and Other Peoples of the Sahara
5. Peoples of the Sudan
6. The Arabs
Medieval Empires
7. The Almoravids
8. The Gold of Ghana
9. Mansa Musa of Mali
10. Ibn Battuta: A Fourteenth-Century Traveler in the Sudan
The Golden Trade
11. The Crescent and the Cross
12. The Quest for Gold
13. The Discovery of Guinea
14. Wangara
The Rise and Fall of the Songhai Empire
15. The Songhai
16. Leo Africanus: an Early Sixteenth-Century Traveler in the Sudan
17. Mulai Ahmad al-Mansur
18. Taghaza
19. The Desert Army
20. The Invasion of the Sudan
21. The Fall of Songhai
22. Adh-Dhahabi
Nineteenth-Century Revolutions
23. The European Penetration of the Interior
24. Bornu, Hausa, and the Fulani Empire of Sokoto
25. The Last of the Caravans
References
Select Bibliography
Bibliographical Essay
Index